原文摘要:
We use newly assembled data overall encompassing up to 75 countries and starting circa 1910, to study impediments to the Schumpeterian process of creative destruction as it “proceeds by competitively destroying old businesses.”Political connections appear to represent an obstacle to the destructive part of the Schumpeterian process in the replacement of large firms. When accompanied by regulations that restrict entry, political connections can play a role in allowing large firms to remain large. When connected to Fogel, Morck, and Yeung (2008, Journal of Financial Economics 89, 83-108), the results imply that political connections, combined with barriers to entry, can retard economic development.
研究背景
Schumpeter (1912) 提出经济增长的核心动力是创造性破坏,即新企业通过创新淘汰旧企业。然而,现有文献多聚焦于创造性效应,忽视了破坏性效应。Fogel, Morck & Yeung (2008) 发现,全球44个国家的大型企业缺乏更替是普遍现象,且更替率越低的国家,经济增长越慢。这引发了一个核心问题:既然大企业被更替如此有益,为何它不普遍?本文围绕这一问题,探究大型企业更替中熊彼特式创造性破坏的阻碍因素。
研究内容
通过手工收集1910年至2018年涵盖60个国家的大型企业数据,以及2000年至2018年覆盖52个国家的大型企业数据,构建了长期和短期两个时间跨度的数据集,分别检验了大型企业被更替中熊彼特式创造性破坏的阻碍因素及作用机制,并采用意大利和菲亚特的案例进一步分析验证。
研究结论
政治关联是阻碍大型企业被更替的最显著的因素,该因素依靠跨境贸易壁垒和跨境资本壁垒的共同作用限制新企业的进入,进而阻碍了熊彼特式的创造性破坏进程的发生,开放经济可削弱其对大型企业的保护作用,有助于释放创造性破坏的积极效应。
原文链接
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/jofi.13481
引用格式
FACCIO, M. and MCCONNELL, J.J. (2025), Impediments to the Schumpeterian Process in the Replacement of Large Firms. J Finance, 80: 3359-3399.
撰稿:吕旭升